Middleburg is a well town either way. Inside the corporate limits, the Town pumps from five wells of its own into two water towers, and the Town owns the mains and meters, so a house there usually has no well pump to fail. Those wells are why the Town Council put the system under mandatory conservation on July 24, 2026, over falling water levels, and the Town’s page still said so on October 22, pointing to a state groundwater emergency across Northern Virginia.
Step past the limits and the well is yours. County records show about 720 active household wells within three miles of the town, and they go deep: a median recorded depth near 385 feet, a quarter of them past 520, and roughly one in five at 600 feet or more. Wells recorded in the 2010s have a median of 540. That’s a long pull for whoever replaces the pump, and the wire and drop pipe that come up with it are often due too.
In a dry year, depth alone doesn’t keep the water coming. Loudoun’s groundwater lives in cracks in the rock, and when the level falls, the pump can start pulling air before the house runs out. Signs are sputtering faucets, a pump that runs longer than it used to, or water that quits mid shower and comes back an hour later. Some newer pumps, Grundfos’s constant-pressure SQE among them, shut themselves off on a dry run instead of burning up. If the well itself has to go deeper, that’s a drilling rig, not us, and we’ll tell you who to call.
The houses are old here too. About one in four homes in 20117 went up in 1939 or earlier, and on an old farm the well can be generations older than the pump hanging in it. We start by asking what’s been replaced and when, then test the tank, the switch and the pump’s wire from the house.